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Ruth von Mayenburg (July 1, 1907 – June 26, 1993) was an Austrian journalist, writer and translator. In her earlier years, she was politically active in the Communist Party of Austria (''Kommunistische Partei Österreichs'', or KPÖ). Fleeing the Nazis, she lived in exile in the Soviet Union at Moscow's Hotel Lux, afterwards writing several books about her experiences there. == Early years == Ruth von Mayenburg was born in Srbice, then in Bohemia, in the Sudetenland, now in the Czech Republic. She was the younger daughter of a mine director and grew up in a cosmopolitan, aristocratic family in the Bohemian city of Teplitz-Schönau.〔("Köstliche Entdeckung" ) ''Der Spiegel'' (November 3, 1969). Retrieved November 14, 2011 〕 Her uncle was Ottomar Heinsius von Mayenburg, a pharmacist who became a millionaire with his invention of a brand of toothpaste, Chlorodont.〔 At the age of 13, she became secretly engaged to Hansi von Herder at the wedding of her sister, Fely.〔("Nachts kamen Stalins Häscher" ) ''Der Spiegel'' (October 16, 1978), p. 95. Note: The html file is an OCR scan of a bad photocopy and is full of typos. There is a link at the URL to a PDF version, but it's not much easier to read. Retrieved November 15, 2011 〕 Von Herder later became an SA leader〔 and lost his life in the Night of Long Knives.〔 She began studying architecture at the Dresden technical school. At the age of 23, she had a relationship with Alexander-Edzard von Asseburg-Neindorf, but broke it off on the objection of General Freiherr Kurt von Hammerstein-Equord.〔 She became involved with von Hammerstein-Equord, then head of the Army Command (''Heeresleitung'').〔 In 1930, she moved to Vienna, Austria and lived with a friend of her mother, Baroness Netka Latscher-Lauendorf, who was the companion of Theodor Körner, later president of Austria. Through them, von Mayenburg was introduced to a circle of young socialists and became friends with intellectuals such as the writer Elias Canetti and Ernst Fischer, editor of the ''Arbeiter-Zeitung'', who influenced her political views. She and Fischer were married in 1932. In 1934, she and her husband took an active part against Engelbert Dollfuss in the Austrian Civil War, forcing them to flee Austria. They first went to Czechoslovakia,〔 where her husband got a job working for the press office of the Comintern.〔"Nachts kamen Stalins Häscher", p. 98〕 While in exile, she became a member of the KPÖ, then outlawed. Von Mayenburg joined the Red Army and became a spy, traveling all over Germany〔 and at one point sought out von Hammerstein-Equord to spy on him for the Soviet secret service.〔 On one spy mission, she bumped into Lion Feuchtwanger on a train.〔 When the Stalinist purges removed the leadership of von Mayenburg's division, her assignments stopped coming. She was a major, but unemployed.〔 In 1938, she and her husband Ernst Fischer went to the Soviet Union and lived in Room 271 on the fifth floor of Moscow's Hotel Lux,〔"Nachts kamen Stalins Häscher", p. 94〕 an international exile hotel during the Nazi era. They lived there until 1945.〔Peter Dittmar, ("Der steinerne Zeuge des stalinistischen Terrors" ) ''Die Welt'' (October 30, 2007). Retrieved November 11, 2011 〕 Fischer continued working for the Comintern.〔"Nachts kamen Stalins Häscher", p. 102〕 During World War II, she served in the propaganda division of the Soviet Army.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ruth von Mayenburg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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